| Citadel of Quebec | |
|---|---|
| File:Citadel of Quebec.png | |
| The Citadel of Quebec, a star-shaped fortress | |
| Location | Quebec City, Quebec, Canada |
| Coordinates | 46°48′29″N 71°12′39″W |
| Built | 1673 (French), expanded 1820–1850 (British) |
| Type | Star fort |
| Current use | Military installation, museum, ceremonial site |
| Garrison | Royal 22e Régiment |
| Designation | National Historic Site of Canada |
The Citadel of Quebec (French: La Citadelle de Québec) is a historic star-shaped fortress overlooking the Saint Lawrence River in Quebec City. It is the largest British-built fortress in North America and remains an active military installation, housing the Royal 22e Régiment, Canada’s only French-speaking regular infantry regiment.
History
The first fortifications at the site were built by the French in 1673 to defend Quebec City, capital of New France. After the British conquest in 1759, the British expanded the fortifications between 1820 and 1850, fearing an American invasion after the War of 1812.
The Citadel has served as both a military base and a ceremonial site for centuries. It has hosted governors general of Canada and foreign dignitaries.
Architecture
The fortress follows the classic star fort design, with angled bastions for defense. Its thick walls, ramparts, and strategic hilltop location made it one of the strongest military fortifications of its time.
Current Use
Today, the Citadel serves multiple purposes:
- Headquarters of the Royal 22e Régiment.
- Summer residence of the Governor General of Canada.
- A museum and historic site open to the public.
- Venue for the daily Changing of the Guard ceremony (in summer).
Cultural Significance
The Citadel is a symbol of Quebec City’s military history and strategic importance. Its presence reflects both French and British contributions to the city’s fortifications.
Tourism
The site is a major tourist attraction, offering guided tours of the fortress, museum exhibits, and panoramic views of Quebec City and the Saint Lawrence River.
See also
References
FAQs
Q: Who built the Citadel of Quebec? A: The French began construction in 1673, and the British greatly expanded it between 1820 and 1850.
Q: What regiment is based at the Citadel? A: The Royal 22e Régiment (Van Doos), Canada’s only French-speaking regular infantry regiment.
Q: Can visitors enter the Citadel? A: Yes, guided tours and museum visits are available, along with summer ceremonies such as the Changing of the Guard.
Q: Is the Citadel still used militarily? A: Yes, it remains an active military installation and the official residence of the Governor General in Quebec.