The Canadian flag, often referred to as the Maple Leaf, is the national flag of Canada. It features a red field with a white square at its center bearing a stylized red 11-point maple leaf. The flag is a powerful national symbol and a unifying emblem recognized around the world.
Design and Symbolism
- Red and white are the official colours of Canada, proclaimed by King George V in 1921.
- The red maple leaf has been associated with Canadian identity and nature since the 18th century.
- The two vertical red bands represent the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans.
- The white square symbolizes peace and neutrality.
Flag Specifications
- Ratio: 1:2
- Maple Leaf: Stylized with 11 points, symmetrical
- Adopted: February 15, 1965
History
Before the Maple Leaf
Before 1965, Canada used various British flags, including:
- The **Union Jack** for official use
- The **Red Ensign** (with the Canadian coat of arms) for unofficial national use
The Great Flag Debate
In the early 1960s, Prime Minister Lester B. Pearson initiated a push for a uniquely Canadian flag. This led to months of intense national debate over design, history, and identity. The process included:
- Thousands of public submissions
- Fierce parliamentary debates
- National division over whether to drop British symbols
Adoption
The final design, created by **George F.G. Stanley** and inspired by the flag of the Royal Military College of Canada, was approved by Parliament and officially raised on **February 15, 1965**. This date is now celebrated as **National Flag of Canada Day**.
Flag Etiquette
According to Canadian Heritage guidelines:
- The flag must never touch the ground or be used as a covering.
- It should always be flown upright and in good condition.
- When displayed with other flags, the Canadian flag should be in the position of honour.
Use and Display
The Canadian flag is flown:
- At all federal government buildings
- At schools, embassies, and international events
- On public holidays such as Canada Day, Remembrance Day, and Flag Day
- At sporting events, especially the Olympics and international competitions
Flag Day
- **National Flag of Canada Day** is observed on **February 15** each year.
- It commemorates the day the flag was first raised in 1965.
- While not a statutory holiday, it is marked by ceremonies and educational activities.
Related Symbols
The Canadian flag is more than a banner. It is a symbol of unity, independence, and pride — instantly recognizable across the globe.